The iPhone, 2007

Watch the opening once, with the sound on. It runs about four and a half minutes.

Macworld, 9 January 2007The opening of the iPhone introduction, first 4 minutes 35 seconds. Open on YouTube

Next: seven things he did

Seven Things He Did

In order, from the clip. Each one has a version you can use.

  1. He gave the count first.Three products, said before he named any. Your version: tell them how many things you will cover before you cover any.
  2. He named each one in plain nouns.An iPod. A phone. An internet communicator. Your version: use names the room already owns.
  3. He said them again.The three, then the three shortened to two. Your version: say your three out loud more than once.
  4. He asked the room a question."Are you getting it?" Your version: ask right before the turn.
  5. He turned three into one.Not three separate devices. One device. Your version: show that your three points are one thing.
  6. He gave it one name, last.iPhone. Your version: name your idea once, after the build-up.
  7. He said the point in one sentence, then showed it.Apple is going to reinvent the phone, and here it is. Your version: say your Big Idea as one sentence, then go to the proof.

Next: the problem this solves

The Problem

A good idea can die unheard because the person with it can't show people what it's worth to them.

Chat

Next: what stands between a good idea and a yes

The Big Idea

What stands between a good idea and a yes is whether people care, and a talk is how you make them.

Next: an example, the iPod in 2001

Example: The iPod, 2001

Every music player was sold on its specs. Watch what he says first.

"A thousand songs"iPod introduction, 23 October 2001, 2:45 to 3:35. Open on YouTube
"In my pocket"Same talk, 8:45 to 9:20. Open on YouTube

The benefit test: add "which means ___ for you" to any claim.

The spec
5 GB hard drive.
Which means
1,000 songs in your pocket.

Next: 3 doubts people have about this

3 Doubts

The doubtThe answerWhere
"My idea is good, so it should speak for itself."People say yes to what it is worth to them. Start from the listener.Stage 1
"I'm not a natural presenter."A talk is a set of decisions. Each stage is one decision anyone can make.Stages 2 to 5
"AI will make it sound generic."AI drafts only after you decide. You check every draft.Every stage

Next: the 5 stages that answer them

5 Stages

1. Decide

You decideWho it is for, what should change, what it is worth to them
AI doesWrites eight candidate lines to choose from

2. Shape

You decideWhich three doubts the talk answers, in what order
AI doesPlays a skeptical listener and lists the doubts

3. Prove

You decideWhat proof you have where they doubt you most
AI doesSays what proof each doubt needs and what to ask

4. Make It Felt

You decideThe headline and one moment
AI doesDrafts plainer versions and three moments to pick from

5. Deliver

You decideHow it opens, where chat is used, your one ask
AI doesMarks up your script and writes recovery lines

The prompt for each stage is on the Workflow Card you take home.

Next: Stage 1, Decide

Stage 1: Decide

Write one line about the listener before slides, before a script.

Answer five questions first

  1. 1Who is it for, and what do they believe now?
  2. 2What should change for them?
  3. 3What is it worth to them?
  4. 4What makes you credible?
  5. 5What can you remove?

The reaction test

Say your line to someone. Listen to the first thing they say.

What stands between a good idea and a yes is whether people care.
"What do you mean?" It works.
"That's nice." Rewrite it.

You decide

Your answers to the five questions. What you keep is your Big Idea, the one line that is your headline.

AI does

Writes eight candidate lines from your answers.

Check it

Give ten votes across the eight. Then run the reaction test on the winner.

Next: Stage 2, Shape: find what they doubt about your line

Stage 2: Shape

The three parts of your talk come from what they doubt.

Then put the whole talk in this order

  1. 1Get their interest
  2. 2Name the problem
  3. 3Give the fix
  4. 4Say what it means for them
  5. 5Ask for one thing

You decide

Which three doubts the talk answers, and in what order. What you keep is the outline of your talk: your Big Idea and three parts.

AI does

Plays your most skeptical listener, lists every doubt, and groups them into three.

Check it

Each part answers a real doubt. Add "which means ___ for you" to each one.

Next: Stage 3, Prove: each of the three needs proof

Stage 3: Prove

A claim becomes real with a specific and something to compare it to.

Watch how he proves "thin" without saying "thin."

The MacBook Air envelopeMacworld, 15 January 2008, 0:40 to 4:45. Open on YouTube
The claim
"It's thin."
The proof
Its thickest part is thinner than the other one's thinnest part.

Put proof where they doubt you most

Not after every claim. Let the person who vouches for you start with the doubt.

Weak"Max is great to work with."
Strong"I thought it would take weeks. It took one afternoon."

Pick the proof by the doubt

If they doubtUse
Is that number big or small?A number beside something to compare it to
Will it work for someone like me?A story from someone like them, opening with the doubt
Does it really work?A short demo they can see
Why should I trust you?Someone else vouches for you, on stage or side by side
Is there a catch?Raise the objection yourself, then answer it with an example

You decide

What proof you have where they doubt you most.

AI does

Says what proof each doubt needs and the questions to ask. It never invents proof.

Check it

Each doubt has one proof story from someone who lived it, and it opens with the doubt.

Next: Stage 4, Make It Felt: the moment they remember

Stage 4: Make It Felt

Plan one moment, and say your line so a stranger can repeat it.

How to build a moment, like the envelope

  1. 1Pick the one feeling you want in the room
  2. 2Make it something they can see: an object, a demo, a before and after
  3. 3Pause after it. Let it land
  4. 4Tie it back to your one line

Say your line three times, in the same words: at the start, in the middle, at the end.

The retell test

Can someone repeat it to a stranger in one sentence?

Tell it to your friend. One sentence.
"A talk is how you make people care about an idea." It works.
"It was about… presentations?" Cut it back.

You decide

Your headline and one moment.

AI does

Rewrites your draft as you would say it to a friend, gives three headlines and three moments with how each works.

Check it

Someone can retell your line to a stranger and get it right.

Next: Stage 5, Deliver: most of you will give this on Zoom

Stage 5: Deliver

On a video call, use the chat early and often.

In the first two minutes, ask a question with no wrong answer.
Before you share your screen, say what you are about to show.
Write your line for when the screen share fails, before the call.
Put every link in the chat.
End with the room typing your three things back.

You decide

How it opens, where you use chat, and your one ask.

AI does

Marks up your script with chat questions and screen moments, and writes two lines for when something breaks.

Check it

The room types your three things back. The close asks for one thing.

Next: Recap

Recap

Chat

This week: run Stage 1 on one real idea. Write one line. Say it to one person.

Open the Workflow Card

Persuasion Techniques

Seven ideas that make people care. Use the ones that fit your idea.

  1. Start with the human resultSay what changes in their life, not what the thing is.
  2. The power of 3Three points are easy to follow and easy to remember.
  3. Make the cost of the old way visibleLet them recognize the problem from their own experience.
  4. The five-step planThe order the whole talk follows.
  5. The benefit testAdd "which means ___ for you" to any claim.
  6. Show your enthusiasmSay what you really feel, in everyday words.
  7. Story guideFind a story, give it one twist, test it.

Next: start with the human result

Start With The Human Result

People care about what changes in their life or work.

The spec
A 5 GB hard drive.
The human result
1,000 songs in your pocket.
Your version
What will they do, feel, or stop worrying about?

The question to ask

What am I really selling?

Not the thing. What it does to their day.

Next: the power of 3

The Power Of 3

Three points are easy to follow and easy to remember.

  1. 1GoldilocksThree bears, not four. Sean D'Souza builds a whole talk the same way: what happens first, what happens next, how it ends.
  2. 2Steve BallmerOpening the 2009 Consumer Electronics Show, he used groups of three at least five times. One was three words: simplicity, reliability, and speed.
  3. 3Miller's lawIn 1956 George Miller reported that people hold about seven things in short-term memory, give or take two. Later work is said to put it nearer three or four.
Cut to
Three. Say them first. Tick them off as you go.

Next: make the cost of the old way visible

The Cost Of The Old Way

A new idea matters more once people remember what the old way cost them.

Watch him show why the smartphones of 2007 fall short.

The problem with the old phonesSame video as the opening, about 5:03 to 6:02. Open on YouTube
Without it
"Our phone has a better interface."
With it
Buttons that cannot change after the phone ships.

Next: the five-step plan

Marble bust of Aristotle
Aristotle

The Five-Step Plan

The order the whole talk follows.

StepThis talkThe iPhone opening
1. Get their interestThe iPhone clip, then the question in chatThe line of earlier products, then three become one
2. Name the problemThe ProblemPhones are not smart and not easy to use
3. Give the fixThe Big Idea and the 5 StagesOne leapfrog product: the iPhone
4. Say what it means for themThe iPod example, the benefit testFingers instead of a stylus
5. Ask for one thingThe Recap's next stepNot in the opening

Next: the benefit test

The Benefit Test

Add "which means ___ for you" to any claim.

The feature
A 5 GB hard drive.
Which means
1,000 songs in your pocket.
The feature
A proximity sensor.
Which means
The screen turns off at your ear, so your cheek cannot press anything.

If you cannot fill the blank in their words, it is a feature, not a benefit.

Next: show your enthusiasm

Show Your Enthusiasm

If you are excited about it, say so, in everyday words.

  1. 1Use words you already useJobs's favorites are watercooler words: amazing, incredible, gorgeous, awesome. He sounded the same on stage as off.
  2. 2Mean itPick words that fit what you really think. "Amazing" about something you find ordinary sounds false. "I'm especially excited about this one" is honest.
  3. 3Let it carryJoe Vitale, in Hypnotic Writing, says excitement you feel while writing reaches the reader. Sean D'Souza calls selling a transfer of enthusiasm.Both are practitioners' reports. Neither is backed by a study.

Want them wowed? Plan one moment that earns the word. That is Stage 4.

Next: story guide

Story Guide

Find a story, give it one twist, test it.

  1. 1Stock a bankOne ordinary event a day, in one line. Mark where it went against what you expected.
  2. 2Fix one wordCut the idea to one word. Then match it to an event from your day.
  3. 3Pick common groundAbout 90 percent already known to them, 10 percent yours.
  4. 4Build itOne small twist near the end. Check the sequence, the feeling, and the point.
  5. 5Test itHave someone repeat it back. Notice what drops out.

That is the last idea.

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